EFFIMET-850
Availability: Discontinued
MANUFACTURER/ MARKETER
DJPL SUSWASTHYA DIVISION
COMPOSITION
METFORMIN (850 Mg)
GROUP NAME
QUICK OVERVIEW
EFFIMET-850 is brand name for Metformin which is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It works by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin. Metformin also helps to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes. It is typically taken orally and is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations. Common side effects of metformin include nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort.
Description
Product Introduction:
EFFIMET-850 is brand name for Metformin which is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It works by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin. Metformin also helps to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes. It is typically taken orally and is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations. Common side effects of metformin include nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort.
Mechanism of Action
Metformin works primarily by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, particularly muscle. It reduces the hepatic glucose output by inhibiting glucose-6-phosphatase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme in glucose production. Additionally, it enhances insulin-mediated glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, thereby reducing plasma glucose levels. By reducing glucose levels, metformin can help to control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes, potentially reducing the risk of complications associated with the disease.
Uses:
Metformin is primarily used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Some of its key uses include:
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Managing blood sugar levels: Metformin helps to lower the levels of glucose in the blood, which is important for people with type 2 diabetes.
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Reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease: Studies have shown that metformin can help reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Weight loss: Metformin has been shown to help people with type 2 diabetes lose weight, although its weight loss benefits are considered modest.
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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Metformin has been used off-label to treat PCOS, a condition that causes irregular menstrual periods and elevated levels of androgens (male hormones) in women.
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Cancer prevention: There is some evidence to suggest that metformin may have potential as a cancer prevention and treatment agent, although more research is needed to confirm this.
It's important to note that metformin should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider and is not appropriate for everyone.
Doses:
The dose of metformin depends on several factors, including the person's age, weight, kidney function, and the severity of their diabetes. The starting dose is typically 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily, taken with meals. The dose can then be gradually increased by 500 mg every one to two weeks, up to a maximum of 2,550 mg per day.
Extended-release formulations of metformin are also available, and the starting dose is typically 500 or 750 mg once daily, taken with the evening meal. The dose can then be gradually increased by 500 mg every one to two weeks, up to a maximum of 2,000 mg once daily.
It's important to note that the appropriate dose of metformin may vary from person to person and that individuals should consult with their healthcare provider to determine the best dose for their specific needs. Additionally, people with kidney problems may need to take a lower dose or avoid metformin altogether, as high doses can be harmful to the kidneys.
Adverse Effects:
Metformin is generally well tolerated, but some common side effects have been reported, including:
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Gastrointestinal symptoms: Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and bloating are among the most common side effects of metformin.
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Lactic acidosis: Although rare, metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a buildup of lactic acid in the blood.
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Vitamin B12 deficiency: Metformin has been linked to a decreased absorption of vitamin B12, which can lead to a deficiency of this important vitamin over time.
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Decreased kidney function: Metformin can cause a decrease in kidney function, especially in people with kidney problems or advanced age.
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Skin reactions: Some people have reported skin reactions, such as itching and hives, after taking metformin.
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Taste changes: Some people may experience a metallic or bitter taste in their mouth after taking metformin.
It's important to note that not all individuals will experience these side effects, and some may be more severe than others. People taking metformin should monitor for any unusual symptoms and consult with their healthcare provider if they experience any significant or persistent adverse effects.
Precautions:
Here are some important precautions to consider when taking metformin:
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Kidney function: People with decreased kidney function, as well as those with conditions that can affect kidney function, such as heart failure, should use metformin with caution.
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Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol while taking metformin can increase the risk of lactic acidosis, a potentially life-threatening condition.
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Surgery: People taking metformin should inform their surgeon or dentist before undergoing any surgical procedures or dental work, as they may need to stop taking the medication temporarily.
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Dehydration: People taking metformin should be careful to avoid dehydration, especially during hot weather, as it can increase the risk of kidney problems.
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Contraindications: Metformin should not be used in people with severe kidney problems, liver disease, or a history of lactic acidosis.
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Monitoring blood sugar: People taking metformin should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly, especially if they experience changes in their diet, exercise habits, or stress levels.
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Pregnancy: Metformin should be used with caution during pregnancy, as its safety in pregnant women has not been well established.
It's important to note that this list of precautions is not exhaustive and that individuals should consult with their healthcare provider to determine the best approach for their specific needs.
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